Topics

1. Structure
   1. Atoms
   2. Molecules
   3. Chemical bonds
2. Composition, structure and function of biomolecules
   1. Carbohydrates
   2. Lipids
   3. Proteins
   4. Nucleic acids
   5. Vitamins
3. Stabilizing interactions
   1. Van der Waals
   2. Electrostatic
   3. Hydrogen bonding
   4. Hydrophobic interaction
4. Principles of biophysical chemistry
   1. pH
   2. Buffer
   3. Reaction kinetics
   4. Thermodynamics
   5. Colligative properties
5. Bioenergetics, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, coupled reaction, group transfer, biological energy transducers
   1. Bioenergetics
   2. Glycolysis
   3. Oxidative phosphorylation
   4. Coupled reaction
   5. Group transfer
   6. Biological energy transducers
6. Principles of catalysis, enzymes and enzyme kinetics, enzyme regulation, mechanism of enzyme catalysis, isozymes.
   1. Principles of catalysis
   2. Enzymes and enzyme kinetics
   3. Enzyme regulation
   4. Mechanism of enzyme catalysis
   5. Isozymes
7. Conformation of proteins (Ramachandran plot, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure; domains; motif and folds).
   1. Ramachandran plot
   2. Secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure
   3. Domains
   4. Motif and folds
8. Conformation of nucleic acids (A-, B-, Z-DNA), t-RNA, micro-RNA).
   1. A-DNA
   2. B-DNA
   3. Z-DNA
   4. t-RNA
   5. micro-RNA
9. Stability of protein and nucleic acid structures.
   1. Stability of protein structures
   2. Stability of nucleic acid structures
10. Metabolism
    1. Carbohydrates
    2. Lipids
    3. Amino acids
    4. Nucleotides
    5. Vitamins